Polity Chapters

1. Evolution of Indian Constitution2. Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution3. Different Sources of the Indian Constitution4. Important Articles of the Constitution5. Important Amendments of the Constitution6. Some Special features of the Indian Constitution7. Federal and Unitary features of the Indian Union8. The Preamble9. Lapse of Paramountcy10. Integration and Merger of Indian States11. The Union and its Territories12. Reorganization of States13. Citizenship14. Fundamental Rights15. Directive Principles of State Policy16. Fundamental Duties17. Procedure of Amending the Constitution18. Executive of the Union19. The Parliament of India20. President of India21. Vice President22. Prime Minister23. Council of Ministers24. Lok Sabha25. Rajya Sabha26. Vidhan Sabha27. Vidhan Parishad28. Governor29. Chief Minister30. State Council of Ministers31. The Parliament of India32. NITI Aayog33. Executive of the States34. Special Position of J and K35. Panchayats36. Municipalities37. The Supreme Court38. The High Court39. Inter-State Council40. Finance Commission41. Planning Commission42. National Development Council43. National Integration Council44. Inter State Relations45. Emergency Provisions46. Public Service Commissions47. Election48. Delimitation Commission of India49. The Official Languages50. National Symbols51. Glossary of Constitutional Terms

Important Articles of the Constitution

“Articles of the Indian Constitution are the backbone of the legal framework, defining powers, rights, and duties for both the government and citizens.”

Parts and Articles Overview

  • Part I (Article 1 – 4): The Union and its Territory
  • Part II (Article 5 – 11): Citizenship
  • Part III (Article 12 – 35): Fundamental Rights
  • Part IV (Article 36 – 51): Directive Principles of State Policy
  • Part IVA (Article 51A): Fundamental Duties
  • Part V (Article 52 – 151): Union Government
  • Part VI (Article 152 – 237): State Governments
  • Part IX, IXA, IXB: Panchayats (243–243ZG)
  • Part X – XXII: Various provisions like Scheduled Tribes, Emergency, Amendment, etc.

Fundamental Rights (Articles 12 to 35)

  • Article 14: Right to Equality before law
  • Article 15: Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth
  • Article 16: Equality of opportunity in public employment
  • Article 17: Abolition of Untouchability
  • Article 19: Freedom of Speech and Expression, etc.
  • Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty
  • Article 32: Right to constitutional remedies (called the “Heart and Soul of the Constitution” by Dr. Ambedkar)

Directive Principles (Articles 36 to 51)

  • Article 39: Principles of policy towards securing economic justice
  • Article 40: Organization of village panchayats
  • Article 44: Uniform Civil Code for the citizens

Fundamental Duties (Article 51A)

Added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. Lists 11 duties of Indian citizens such as respecting the Constitution, national flag, national anthem, etc.

Important Governance Articles

  • Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President
  • Article 76: Attorney General of India
  • Article 110: Definition of Money Bill
  • Article 112: Annual Financial Statement (Budget)
  • Article 123: Power of the President to promulgate ordinances
  • Article 143: Power of President to consult the Supreme Court

Judiciary-Related Articles

  • Article 124: Establishment of Supreme Court
  • Article 131: Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
  • Article 136: Special Leave Petition
  • Article 226: Powers of High Courts to issue writs
  • Article 368: Procedure for amendment of the Constitution

Previous Year Questions

  • SSC CGL 2018: Which article deals with Right to Constitutional Remedies?
  • Article 32
  • RRB ALP 2019: Article 21 of the Constitution is related to:
  • Protection of life and personal liberty
  • HSSC 2020: Which article of the Constitution defines Money Bill?
  • Article 110
Did You Know? Article 368 allows for two types of constitutional amendments—by a simple majority and by a special majority of the Parliament.
  • RRB JE 2019: Which Article ensures the Right to Life?
  • Article 21
  • HSSC 2021: Which Article defines a Money Bill?
  • Article 110
  • UPSC 2022: Which Article deals with Amendment of the Constitution?
  • Article 368
  • SSC MTS 2023: Article 51A refers to which provision?
  • Fundamental Duties

    • Quick Tips to Remember Important Articles

    • Equality before law (14), Protection of life (21), Constitutional Remedies (32) – Core of Fundamental Rights
    • Directive Principles (36–51) & Duties (51A) – Morality of the Constitution
    • Articles on Budget (110, 112), Amendment (368), Ordinance (123) – Financial and Legal Machinery

    Conclusion

    The Constitution of India is not just a legal document but a comprehensive guide for governance, citizen rights, and national values. Understanding key Articles helps in mastering Polity for competitive exams like SSC, UPSC, HSSC, and Railways.

    Memorizing key Articles of the Constitution is essential for understanding the Indian legal system and for success in competitive exams like SSC, HSSC, and UPSC. These Articles uphold the democratic structure and rights of citizens in India.

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