April 2025 Current Affairs | StartPreparation.in

✍️ April 2025 Current Affairs

“Detailed elaboration of all major current affairs topics from April 2025.”

Separation of Powers

Reaffirmed by Vice President as vital to democracy – each organ must not interfere with the others.
Indian Constitution offers a system of checks and balances rather than strict separation.
Supreme Court has held it a part of the basic structure doctrine.
Functional overlaps exist – e.g., ordinances, judicial guidelines, and legislative privileges.

Assent to State Bills

SC ruled on Tamil Nadu’s case against Governor’s inaction – declared such delay unconstitutional.
Established that Governors cannot withhold assent indefinitely; must act on State advice.
Defined circumstances when Bills must be sent to President and introduced timelines.
Judicial review permitted for misuse of discretionary powers under Article 200.

States’ Demand for Autonomy

Tamil Nadu formed a committee to propose steps for greater federalism and state autonomy.
Criticized central encroachment on state subjects (e.g., NEET, education).
Suggested implementation of Sarkaria and Punchhi Commission recommendations.
Federal structure must balance national unity with regional diversity.

5 Years of SVAMITVA Scheme

Drone-based rural land mapping to provide legal ownership and financial empowerment.
Over 1.3 lakh property cards issued; 92% village survey completion.
Key benefits: formal loans, dispute resolution, Gram Panchayat revenue improvement.
Challenges: legal recognition of cards, property rights of women/SCs/STs, and inter-state law differences.

Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha

Post vacant since 2019 – against constitutional mandate under Article 93.
Deputy Speaker ensures continuity, neutrality, and balance in Parliament functioning.
Suggested timeline for appointment (e.g., within 60 days of new Lok Sabha).

Inaction on Defection Petitions

SC ruled Speaker must not delay decisions on anti-defection petitions.
Court can direct Speaker to act within reasonable timeframe.
Advised independent tribunals to decide disqualification cases.

Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025

Modernizes immigration by repealing outdated laws (1920–2000).
Creates Bureau of Immigration to manage entry-exit, visas, and enforcement.
Grants arrest powers to police and includes penalties up to ₹5 lakh and 5-year imprisonment.

Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI)

Assesses 2.16 lakh gram panchayats across 29 states using 9 themes aligned with SDGs.
Categories: Aspirant (61.2%), Performer (36%), and Front-Runner (Gujarat leads).
No panchayat qualified as Achiever in this cycle.

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